Below are some common variations of sources and how to cite them.
For examples of how to format reference list entries for cited sources, consult our common examples list.
| Type of Source | Narrative Citations | Parenthetical Citations |
|---|---|---|
| Book | Pezalla and Culver (2010) | (Pezalla & Culver, 2010) |
| Course Study Notes (No Author) | "Public Speaker" (2010) | ("Public Speaker," 2010) |
| One Author | Lai (2020) | (Lai, 2020) |
| Two Authors | Dusek and Spates (2019) | (Dusek & Spates, 2019) |
| Three or More Authors | Rhodes et al. (2007) | (Rhodes et al., 2007) |
| Group Authors | Veteran Affairs (2012) | (Veteran Affairs, 2012) |
| Multiple Sources With the Same Author and Year |
Walden University (2012a) Walden University (2012b) |
(Walden University, 2012a) (Walden University, 2012b) |
| Multiple Sources in Same Citation | Walden University (2012a, 2012b), Franklin (2010), and Brander (2009) | (Brander, 2009; Franklin, 2010; Walden University, 2012a, 2012b) |
| No Date | Mayo Clinic (n.d.) | (Mayo Clinic, n.d.) |
| Organization's Website | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2012) | (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2012) |
| Personal Communication | M. Smith (personal communication, February 3, 2012) | (M. Smith, personal communication, February 3, 2012) |
| Secondary Source | Oyler (2009, as cited in Skarbakka, 2011) | (Oyler, 2009, as cited in Skarbakka, 2011) |
| Six or More Authors | Kubista et al. (2012) | (Kubista et al., 2012) |
| Republished work | Freud (1923/1961) | (Freud, 1923/1961) |
Adapted from APA 7, p. 266.
Multiple Works in a Citation (video, 1:45)
Course Videos (video, 2:06)
Textual Course Materials (video, 1:40)
Citing Yourself (video, 1:16)
Works With the Same Author and Year (video, 2:04)
Secondary Sources (video, 2:08)